炮孔内柱状不耦合装药结构可以显著降低炸药单耗和矿岩大块率,这种爆破装药结构在工程爆破中广泛使用.为了在此装药结构基础上继续降低矿岩大块率,采用 AUTODYN 有限元软件,研究了相邻炮孔间隔柱对称与交错布置的不同组合方式对爆破效果的影响.模拟研究表明,相邻炮孔间隔柱交错布置时岩体内应力峰值相对小且分布更均匀,被爆岩体的初始压力峰值相对小,避免了岩体的过度粉碎,同时其峰值衰减更慢,延长了被爆岩体所受应力的有效作用时间,提高了炸药能量利用率.通过对采场试爆数据分析,表明相邻炮孔内间隔柱采用交错布置后,大块率减小,块度更加集中,直径为0～15 cm 的矿岩块度比例提高了约4%,平均块度大小较间隔柱对称布置方式降低了约15%.%The column uncoupled charge structure can significantly reduce the consumption of explosives and the mass rate of ore and rock.This explosive charge structure is widely used in engineering blasting .In order to reduce the rock mass rate again on the basis of the charge structure ,the influence of two different combinations of the adjacent hole spaces column symmetry and interlaced arrangement on the blasting effect is studied by the AUTODYN finite element software.The simulation results show that the peak value of stress in the rock mass is relatively small and the distribution is more uniform when the adjacent blast hole spaces column is staggered .The initial pressure peak value of the blasting rock mass is relatively small ,which avoids the excessive crushing of the rock mass ,at the same time ,the peak attenuation is slower ,and the effective time of stress of the blasting rock mass is prolonged ,the energy utilization rate of explosives is improved .Based on the analysis of pre-blasting test data ,it is shown that after interlaced arrangement of adjacent blast holes ,the mass rate decreases and the block size is more concentrated .The rock mass ratio of diameter 0～15 cm increased by about 4%,the average block size is reduced by about 15% compared with the symmetrical arrangement of the spaces .
展开▼
