Rice straw fiber was extracted through chemical method. With straw fiber as reinforcement, polypropylene as matrix, the composites was made by carding technique and compression molding process. The results showed that the optimal conditions of alkali treatment were that the concentration of sodium hydroxide was 4% and liquor ratio was 1 : 20, the temperature of extraction was SOX., the time of extraction was 20 min. At the pressure of 12.5 Mpa, the hot-pressing temperature of 200t: and the hot-pressing time of 30 min, the composite could be shaped well. The composite had good mechanical property when the fiber content was 45%.%采用化学方法制备了水稻秸秆纤维,并以水稻秸秆纤维为增强体,聚丙烯为基体,运用纺织技术及热压成型技术制备了聚丙烯/秸秆复合板材.结果表明,采用浓度为4％、浴比为1∶20、温度为80℃的NaOH溶液热煮20 min可提取较纯的秸秆纤维；在12.5 MPa、200℃热压30 min条件下,复合板材成型较好；纤维质量分数为45％时,复合材料具有良好的力学性能.
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