This article reviewed the pretreatment and analysis method of total mercury in environmental samples during 2005-2012. We summarized the most used pretreatment methods and their existing problems in treating water, soil, and waste gas samples. The principles and applications of national standard analysis methods and new methods ( spectrophotometry, CVAAS, AFS, ICP-MS, and biochemical detection etc. ) were also summarized. The prospects of the detection of total mercury in environmental samples provide a reference for researchers who develop new methods and standardize methods.%对2005-2012年间的环境样品中总汞检测的前处理技术及分析方法文献进行了综述。总结了水体、土壤及废气中总汞样品前处理采用的主要方法及存在的问题，并且对环境样品总汞的现行国标分析方法及新方法（光度法、冷原子吸收法、原子荧光法、电感耦合等离子体-质谱法及生化检测等）的原理和应用进行了归纳。展望了环境样品中总汞检测的发展趋势，为研究者进行总汞新分析方法的开发和标准化提供了借鉴。
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