The macrobenthic community and environmental quality were investigated based on data from 21 stations in Changjiang Estuary and adjacent sea in April 2009. Canonical correspondence analysis ( CCA) was applied to explore the relationship between macrobenthos species and environmental parameters. The results showed that 56 species were identified;Polychaeta was the dominant group. The total average biomass was 11�26 g/m2 , the total average abundance was 237�4 ind/m2 . The abundance and biomass were higher in offshore stations than nearshore ones. Based on CCA, depth, salinity, primary productivity, organic pollution and heavy metal pollution were the main factors affecting the macrobentic community in Changjiang Estuary and adjacent sea. The distribution of macrobenthos showed the obvious avoiding trend to organic pollution and heavy metal pollution. In conclusion, the impact of organic pollution and heavy metal pollution on macrobenthos community was observable. Capitella sp. , Glycinde gurjanovoae, Magelona sp. and Cirratulidae sp. showed the obvious tolerance to organic pollution and heavy metal pollution.%2009年4月对长江口及其邻近海域的21个站位进行了大型底栖生物调查，分析了大型底栖动物的环境质量状况，并结合环境因子数据进行了典范对应分析。结果表明，调查共鉴定大型底栖生物56种，多毛类为主要类群。平均生物量为11�26 g/m2，平均丰度为237�4个/m2。生物量、丰度均呈现由近岸向外海递增的趋势。水深、盐度、初级生产力和有机质、重金属是影响调查海域大型底栖生物群落的主要环境因子。大型底栖生物的分布呈现出对有机污染与重金属污染显著的躲避趋势，表明有机污染与重金属污染已显著影响该海域大型底栖生物的生长。而小头虫、寡节甘吻沙蚕、长手沙蚕和丝鳃虫对有机污染和重金属污染展现出较强的的耐受性。
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