2007年6月至2008年3月分4个季节在图们市区利用大气综合采样器采集4个监测点位的大气PM10样品,用硝酸-双氧水湿法消解,火焰原子吸收分光光度法检测样品中铬、锰、铁、铜、锌、镉、铅7种重金属含量,并对7种重金属元素的时空变化规律进行研究.结果表明:图们市大气PM10中重金属含量由高到低的顺序是铁＞锌＞锰＞铅＞铬＞铜＞镉,铁的含量明显高于其他重金属含量.铅的年平均值为1.436μg/m3,超出现行《环境空气质量标准》(GB 3095-1996)规定的浓度限值.重金属的季节性变化规律比较明显,冬季Cr、Cu、Zn、Pb的含量明显高于其他3个季节.区域性功能则不明显,在4个监测点位中7种重金属含量的变化不是很大.7种重金属含量年平均值的日变化规律也不是很明显,说明重金属来源除了天然源外,主要来自于煤和汽油燃烧过程中排放的飘尘.%The atmospheric PM10 samples were collected by atmospheric integrated sampler at four monitoring sites of Tumen city in four seasons during June 2007 to March 2008,the samples were digested by nitric acid-hydrogen peroxide,and the contents of Cr,M n,Fe,Cu,Zn,Cd and Pb were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometer,spatial and temporal variation of the seven heavy metals were studied.The results showed that the contents of heavy metals were Fe ＞ Zn ＞ Mn ＞ Pb ＞ Cr ＞ Cu ＞Cd in atmospheric PM10 of Tumen City,and content of iron was significantly higher than the other heavy metals.The annual average of lead was 1.436μg/m3,beyond the current concentration limits of ambient air quality standard (GB 3095-1996).The seasonal variation of heavy metals was obvious,contents of Cr,Cu,Zn,Pb in winter were significantly higher than the other three seasons.Regional function was not significant,the contents of seven heavy metals were not a big change in four monitoring sites.The diurnal variation of seven heavy metals contents was not obvious,which explained the sources of heavy metals in addition to natural sources were mainly from particulates exhausted by coal and fuel combustion.
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