The scope of Wild Camel National Nature Reserve of Lop Nor includes the three prefectures,Hami Prefecture,Bayin＇ guoleng Mongol Autonomous Prefecture and Turpan Prefectur.Lop Nor is the lowest rifting depression region of the Tarim basin,and is the center of water and salt centralizing from basin surface water since the Quaterary.The areas of Lop Nor were 20000km2 historically,3000km2 at 1985.Since 1970,the basin of Lop Nor dried up and about 4000km2 basin turned into flat salt beds.At present,there are some intermittent rivers formed by the rainfall and thaw,and many scattered salt founts the distance between them are 20-60km and their hydrological characteristics are different.So Lop Nor is considered the dry center of Asia by the geography field.%罗布泊地处中亚极旱荒漠区,是塔里木盆地最低的断陷洼地,也是第四纪以来盆地地表水的集水中心和积盐中心。古代罗布泊面积曾有2×104km2,到1958年还有近3 000km2的面积。1970年干涸4 000km2的湖盆成为平坦的岩盐地,自此罗布泊及周围已无湖泊存在,也无常年流水的河流流入罗布泊。该地区平原区只分布有暴雨和融雪形成的间歇性径流河,以及间距远达20km~60km的零散盐泉,各自有着不同的水文特征。地理学界把该地区视为＂亚洲的干旱中心＂。
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