目的:了解贵阳中医学院第一附属医院(以下简称"我院")药品不良反应(adverse drug reaction,ADR)的发生特点及规律,促进临床合理用药.方法:对2016年上报的262例发生ADR患者的性别与年龄、引发ADR的药物类别与具体药品、给药途径、ADR分级、ADR累及器官和(或)系统及临床表现、ADR转归等进行统计分析.结果:262例发生ADR的患者中,女性194例(占26.34%),男性68例(占73.66%),女性明显多于男性;≥50岁者多发;共涉及药物15类、110个品种,抗感染药引发的ADR病例数最多(70例,占26.72%),其次为中药制剂(45例,占17.18%);注射用血栓通(冻干粉末)引发的ADR病例数居首位(20例,占7.63%);静脉滴注给药引发的ADR病例数居首位,其次为口服给药.一般的ADR 235例,严重的ADR 27例,以皮肤及其附件损害最为常见,其次分别为胃肠系统、循环系统.经过积极对症处理,患者好转147例、治愈109例、未好转2例、不详4例,未见死亡病例.结论:ADR的发生与多种因素相关,临床应加强ADR的监测与上报工作,保障患者用药安全,促进临床合理用药.%OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristics and regularity of adverse drug reactions (ADR) reported by the First Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine (hereinafter referred to as "our hospital"), so as to promote rational drug application. METHODS:262 reported cases of ADR in 2016 were collected and analyzed in terms of patients` genders, ages, species and specific names of ADR-inducing drugs, routes of administration, grade of ADR, ADR involved organs and (or) systems and its clinical features, prognoses of ADR, etc. RESULTS:Of 262 cases, 194 cases were female (accounted for 26.34%), which was significantly more than male (68 cases, accounted for 73.66%); mostly aged ≥60; 110 species of 15 kinds of drugs were involved, anti-infectious drug had induced the most ADR (70 cases, accounted for 26.72%), secondly was traditional Chinese medicine (45 cases, accounted for 17.18%); Xueshuantong injection (freeze-dried powder) had induced the most ADR (20 cases, accounted for 7.63%). Intravenous drip was the main ADR-inducing route of administration, secondly was oral administration. 235 cases were general ADR, and other 27 cases were severe ADR, the most common organs and (or) systems involved by ADR was skin and its accessories, the secondly were respectively gastrointestinal system and circulatory system. After symptomatic treatment, 147 patients were improved, 109 patients were cured, 2 patients were not improved,4 patients were not unknown and no death cases were found. CONCLUSIONS:The incidence of ADR is related to many factors, ADR monitoring and reporting should be reinforced, so as to ensure safe medication and clinical drug application.
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