OBJECTIVE:To investigate the antibiotic use during 2011-2013 and evaluate the effects of the measures of strengthening system, training, guidance and supervision on rational use of antibiotics.METHODS:The MicIosoft Excel 2007 system was employed for statistical anlysis of the number of antibiotic prescriptons and the rate of antibiotic use.The number of drugs prescribed and the DDDs were analyzed by defined daily dose method recommended by WHO.RESULTS:The consumtion sum, rate of antibiotic use and irrational antibiotic use in pediatric patients were significantly reduced and the clinical irrational drug use was significantly improved.CONCLUSIONS:The measures of strengthening system, training, guidance and supervision effectively promoted the rational use of antibiotics.%目的：了解2011—2013年某院儿科抗菌药物使用情况，评价强化制度、加强培训、加强指导、加强监督等措施在促进抗菌药物合理应用中的作用。方法：应用Excel 2007软件对抽取医嘱中含抗菌药物的医嘱份数及抗菌药物使用率等项目进行统计。同时采用世界卫生组织推荐的限定日剂量方法，对抽取医嘱使用的药物数量、用药频度等进行统计分析。结果：儿科抗菌药物销售金额、使用率和不合理使用率均明显下降，临床不合理用药情况显著改善。结论：强化制度、加强培训、加强指导、加强监督等措施能有效促进抗菌药物的合理用药，值得推广应用。
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