基于第四纪黄土层小爆炸当量系列封闭爆炸的近场地震观测数据,对纵波和横波分别进行了分析处理,获得了纵波和横波的质点速度,确定了纵波和横波质点速度现有模型的参数.综合分析了有代表性的3个模型,得出现存模型本质上的差别在于爆炸当量指数不同.对此提出了双极模型,并介绍了该模型参数的计算方法.对这几种模型在描述观测和实测数据方面的残差进行了比较.结果表明,双极模型反演数据与观测数据之间的残差平方和最小,而传统模型中最好的效果仅是接近双极模型.%The seismic data of low-yield explosion earthquakes which took place in the Quaternary period soil were based on to calculate the particle velocities of the longitudinal and transversal waves and determine the parameters for the existent models. The three representative models were synthetically analyzed. It displays that the difference of the existent models lies in different yield exponents. Accordingly, a double-extreme model was proposed and the calculation method of the model parameters was introduced in detail. Comparison of these models shows that the data calculated by the double-extreme model is the most consistent with the real observation and the amplitude error between them is the smallest. The best results calculated by the traditional velocity models only approach these calculated by the double-extreme model.
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