Alternanthera philoxeroides(Mart.)Griseb polysaccharides(APPs)were extracted by three methods,such as utrasonic-assisted extraction(UAE),enzymatic extraction(EE),ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction (UAE-EE),which were optimized and compared on the extraction yield determined by phenol-sulfuric acid. The optimization of extraction parameters was done using Box-Behnken design based on one-factor-at-a-time method with response surface methodology. The results showed that the optimal extraction parameters were determined as 19:1(mL/g),39 min,165 W for material-to-liquid ratio,ultrasonic time and ultrasonic power respectively of UAE;24:1(mL/g),433 U/g,54℃for material-to-liquid ratio,cellulase dosage and cellulase temperature respectively of EE;24:1(mL/g),471 U/g,26 min for material-to-liquid ratio,cellulase dosage and ultrasonic time respectively of UAE-EE. Under these conditions, the experimental yield of APPs were (5.19 ±0.16)%,(5.44 ±0.13)% and(5.82 ±0.21)%, which were well in close agreement with the value (5.29 %, 5.52 %, 5.64 %)predicted by the proposed model of each method. UAE-EE showed the best extraction yield of APPs,followed by EE and UAE.Overall,UAE-EE was better than other methods in improving yield and was a safe and environment friendly method.%优化并比较药食两用植物空心莲子草多糖(Alternanthera philoxeroides(Mart.)Griseb polysaccharides,APPs)的超声波辅助法(utrasonic-assisted extraction,UAE)、酶法(enzymatic extraction,EE)、超声-酶协同法(ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction,UAE-EE)提取工艺.在单因素试验基础上,采用Box-Behnken设计和响应面法优化3种提取工艺参数,并比较多糖提取率.结果表明:优化后的最佳提取条件依次为:超声波辅助法,液料比19:1(mL/g)、超声时间39 min、超声功率165 W;酶法,液料比24:1(mL/g)、纤维素酶量433 U/g、酶解温度54℃;超声-酶协同法,液料比24:1(mL/g)、酶量471 U/g、超声时间为26 min.在3种工艺的最优条件下,多糖提取率分别为(5.19±0.16)%、(5.44± 0.13)%、(5.82±0.21)%,与各自模型预测值5.29 %、5.52 %、5.64 %接近,且按多糖提取率大小排列依次为超声-酶协同法>酶法>超声波辅助法.因此,采用超声-酶协同法制备空心莲子草多糖有利于提高产量,且安全、环保,便于进一步研究其生物学活性.
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