To obtain high efficiency Ganoderma lucidum spore wall degrading bacteria. Ten soil samples collected in Sichuan province were screened by chitin screening medium. The strains were purified and preserved, the activity of extracellular cellulase and chitinase was determined. Morphological and molecular biological methodswere employed to identify the strains obtained by the second-step screening, and 10％of the inoculation was inoculated in Ganoderma lucidum spore suspension. The dissolution curves of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and triterpene were determined to investigate the degradation ability of Ganoderma lucidum spore wall. Two strains with high degrading abilityof LSX-9 andLSZ-1 were isolated, the activity of cellulase and chitinase were(1.90±0.02),(2.14±0.02)U/mL and(2.03±0.03),(1.46±0.02)U/mL. According to morphological and molecular biological identifications,LSX-9 was Bacillus paralicheniformis and LSZ-1was Penicillium sp.;the experimental results show that the strains can reduce the release time of polysaccharide and triterpene, and improve the extraction rate. Bacillus paralicheniformis LSX-9 and Penicillium sp. LSZ-1are high efficient Ganoderma lucidum spore degrading bacteria. Because higher plants and fungi possess similar cell wall structures and chemical compositions, which indicates there is a great application prospect for them in traditional Chinese medicine trace components.%为获得高效灵芝孢子细胞壁降解菌.采用几丁质筛选培养基对在四川采集的10个土壤样品进行筛选,将菌株纯化、保存;并对初筛菌株胞外纤维素酶和几丁质酶活力进行测定;将株复筛,进行形态学和分子生物学鉴定,用10％的接种量接种于灵芝孢子悬浮液中,测定灵芝多糖与三萜的溶出曲线考察其对灵芝孢子壁降解能力.分离得到两株高效灵芝孢子壁菌株LSX-9和LSZ-1,其纤维素酶和几丁质酶活力分别为(1.90±0.02)、(2.14±0.02)U/mL和(2.03±0.03)、(1.46±0.02)U/mL;通过形态学和分子生物学鉴定LSX-9为Bacillus paralicheniformis,LSZ-1为Penicillium sp.;破壁实验表明,它们均能缩短多糖和三萜的释放时间,提高提取率.Bacillus paralicheniformisLSX-9和Penicillium sp.LSZ-1是高效灵芝孢子壁降解菌,因高等植物和真菌细胞壁结构组成、化学成分相似,暗示其可以在中药微量成分上具有较大应用前景.
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