联盟组合管理能力提升企业绩效已经得到证实,但其过程机理仍不清晰.本文基于双元理论,将联盟间合作模式划分为开发式合作与探索式合作,借助文献回顾、问卷调查及结构方程模型检验了联盟组合管理能力3个维度(伙伴选择能力、联盟治理能力和组合协调能力)通过开发式合作与探索式合作影响企业绩效的作用机理.研究发现:(1)联盟组合管理能力3个维度对开发式合作与探索式合作产生差异化影响.(2)开发式合作与探索式合作对企业绩效产生显著积极影响.(3)联盟组合管理能力3个维度通过开发式合作与探索式合作影响企业绩效的作用机理存在差异.研究结果表明,企业需要高度重视伙伴选择、联盟治理、组合协调3方面能力的差异性,通过灵活选择开发式合作与探索式合作可以达到提升自身绩效的目的.文章结论不仅拓展了开发式合作与探索式合作的前因变量研究,而且为企业有效管理联盟组合提供了理论支持.%The importance of alliance portfolio management capability in improving performance has been proved, but the progress between them is not clear. Based on the ambidexterity theory, this study divides alliance cooperation into co-exploitation and co-exploration. Then we use the literature review, the questionnaire survey and the structural equation model to explore the impact between the three dimensions of alliance portfolio management capability (proactiveness capability, alliance governance capability, portfolio coordination capability) and firm performance, especially the mediating effect of ambidextrous cooperation. Based on the survey data of 320 companies in the districts of Shanxi, Sichuan and Chongqing, this paper establishes the theoretical model among alliance portfolio management capability, ambidextrous cooperation and focal firm performance. This paper expects to open the black box between alliance portfolio management capability and focal firm performance. The results show that: First, the three dimensions of alliance portfolio management capability exert differential effects on co-exploitation and co-exploration. Second, co-exploitation and co-exploration have a significantly positive effect on firm performance. Third, co-exploitation and co-exploration have a different mediating effect on the relationship between the three dimensions of alliance portfolio management capability and firm performance. The results also show that firms need to pay high attention to the differences in proactiveness capability, alliance governance capability and portfolio coordination capability. Then firms have to flexibly choose co-exploitation or co-exploration in order to obtain a better performance. The conclusions of this study not only expand the antecedent of co-exploitation and co-exploration, but also provide the theoretical support for firms to effectively manage alliance portfolio.
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