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乌伦古湖欧鳊四种年龄鉴定材料的比较分析

         

摘要

This study described the morphology and annulus characteristics , and analyzed the consistency of age interpre -tations from four hard tissues (lapillus, scale, cleithrum, operculum) for age determination of common bream Abramis brama in Ulungur Lake, in Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region , China.The agreement of age readings between two times by the same reader on the cross-sectioned lapillus is the highest (90.5%, n =221), followed by the plane sectioned la-pillus (84.5%, n =171), cleithrum (83.7%, n =178), operculum (80.7%, n =176).And scales have the lowest agreement of age readings (74.2%, n =221).The agreement of age readings between the cross -sectioned lapilla and plane sectioned lapilla is the highest (83.6%, n =110).The next is the agreement between the cross -sectioned lapilla and cleithra (71.2%, n =73) and the following is that between the cross -sectioned lapilla and scales (62.4%, n =101).The opercula have the lowest agreement (30.0%, n =73) with the cross-sectioned lapilla.So, cleithra, scales and opercula may underestimate the ages of elderly individuals .In short, the lapillus is the best age determination materi -al, and the cross-section method is more appropriate.Scales, cleithra and opercula are not suitable for determining the a -ges of older individuals of common bream .%对新疆乌伦古湖欧鳊(Abramis brama)耳石、鳞片、匙骨、鳃盖骨等四种年龄鉴定材料的形态和年龄特征进行了描述,并对其年龄读数的一致性进行了比较分析。结果显示:3龄以下个体鳞片年轮标志多为普通切割型,3龄以后年轮显示为碎裂切割和疏密切割,高龄个体鳞片外围有年轮缺失的现象;微耳石磨片在透射光下呈明暗相间的轮纹;匙骨中心区域透明,年轮不清晰,外侧年轮清晰,但高龄个体外侧有年轮缺失的现象;鳃盖骨中心部分较厚,年轮不易观察。同一观察者2次读龄年龄读数吻合率中,耳石横轴面磨片最高,为90.5%;耳石平面磨片、匙骨、鳃盖骨次之,分别为84.5%、83.7%、80.7%;鳞片最低,为74.2%。以耳石横轴面磨片年龄读数为基准,耳石平面磨片年龄读数与其吻合率较高,为83.6%,平均变异系数为1.5%;匙骨、鳞片次之,分别为71.2%、62.4%,平均变异系数分别为5.1%、4.3%;鳃盖骨最低,仅为30.0%,平均变异系数为13.8%。综合分析认为,耳石是乌伦古湖欧鳊年龄鉴定的最适宜材料,高龄个体采用其横轴面磨片观察更为精确。鳞片、匙骨和鳃盖骨在鉴定低龄个体年龄时可使用,但鉴定高龄个体年龄时,有低估年龄的可能。

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