Identification and genetic diversity analysis based on ISSR marker for 19 germplasms of Polygonatum were conducted.The results were as follows.(1) Based upon the morphological characteristics of the plants, germplasms No.1, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, and 19 were determined to be P.cyrtonema Hua;and No.2, 3, 4, 5, 14, and 17, P.filipes Merr.(2) From the 100 primers isolated, 11 were amplified to render 170 distinctive and polymorphic bands with sizes ranging from 250 bp to 200 0 bp.(3) Using Popgen 32 software, an abundant genetic diversity was found to exist among these germplasms with similarity coefficients ranging from 0.604 9 to 0.824 4, and genetic distances from 0.193 1 to 0.502 7;and, No.6 and 7 were closely related, while the No.10 and 17 differed the most.(4) The UPGMA cluster analysis classified the germplasms into 2 groups and 4 subgroups with all P.cyrtonema Hua in Group I and all P.filipes Merr.in Group II.And, (5) as analyzed by Popgen 32, the genetic diversity of the 4 subclasses showed an effective number of alleles (Ne) to be 1.484 5, Nei''s genetic diversity index (h), 0.292 3, Shannon diversity index (I), 0.423 9, and total gene diversity (Ht), 0.413 2.It appeared that the current method based upon ISSR marker could be used to identify the individual species as well as show the genetic diversity and relationship among the species in the genus providing valuable molecular information for the introduction, acclimation, protection and utilization of the Polygonatum resources in the wild.%利用ISSR分子标记,对福建省19份黄精属种质资源进行鉴别和遗传多样性分析.结果显示:(1) 根据性状及原植物进行样品鉴别,种质1、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、15、16、18、19为多花黄精,种质2、3、4、5、14、17为长梗黄精;(2)从100个引物里筛选出11个能扩增出清晰具多态性的引物,共扩增出条带170条,片段大小在250~2 000 bp,其中多态性条带170条,多态性比例为100%.Popgen 32软件分析显示,供试样品种质资源遗传多样性丰富,相似系数在0.604 9~0.824 4,遗传距离在0.193 1~0.502 7,霞浦种质与建瓯种质亲缘关系最近,柘荣种质与武夷山1种质亲缘关系最远;(3)UPGMA法聚类分析显示,19份样品被分为2大类,4个亚类,多花黄精种质全部聚在第Ⅰ类,长梗黄精种质全部聚在第Ⅱ类;(4)用Popgen 32软件进行遗传多样性分析,黄精属的有效等位基因数(Ne)、期望杂合度(H)、Shannon信息指数(I)分别为1.484 5、0.292 3、0.423 9,4个亚类种水平的基因多样性Ht=0.4132.研究表明,ISSR分子标记适用于多花黄精与长梗黄精的鉴别及遗传多样性分析,研究成果为野生黄精属植物合理引种、驯化、保护和利用提供了重要的参考依据和数据支持.
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