The development direction of geosciences simulation techniques is intimately connected with geological process analysis and data visualization technology. With the application of different kinds of mathematical methods, geological process analysis can simulate geological random phenomena and quantitatively describe semi-structured or un-structured geoscience problems. Visualization technology can use computer 3D visualization function to combine several tools such as spatial information management, geological interpretation, spatial analysis, geological statistics and prediction under the 3D condition, and can also realize three-dimensional display of the geological model. This paper has reviewed 3D geological modeling technology as well as geostatistics and non-linear phenomena simulation method in geosciences, and analyzed the progress achieved in these areas. It is held that the strengthening of the research on geological simulation theory as well as on the method and technique system has important theoretical and practical significance.%地学模拟技术的一个发展方向是与地学过程分析密切结合,另一个发展方向是与数据可视化技术相结合.前者试图通过使用各种数学方法模拟地学随机现象,并对这些不良结构化或半结构化的地学问题进行定量化描述;后者运用计算机的三维可视化功能,在三维环境下将空间信息管理、地学解译、空间分析、地学统计与预测、三维图形可视化等技术相结合,实现计算可视化、分析可视化、过程可视化、结果可视化和决策可视化,并用于地学分析.回顾了地学中计算机三维地学建模技术、地质统计学和地学非线性现象模拟方法,并对该领域的发展进行了展望,认为加强地学模拟的理论体系、方法体系、技术体系的研究和实践既有着重要的理论意义,又有着重要的现实意义.
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