针对冰川遥感监测研究工作中存在的数据源选择问题,首次将国产高分一号卫星数据应用于祁连山系青海境内冰川动态变化监测工作.通过国产高分遥感数据与同尺度的Landsat历史数据对比,从变化面积、变化率、空间变化、类型变化、结构变化等方面阐述祁连山系冰川变化规律.研究对比表明:国产高分卫星遥感数据在采集、处理、监测冰川变化中的应用效果完全可以满足1∶10万尺度的遥感调查和监测,不管是光谱信息还是纹理信息都优于ETM等中低分辨率数据;国产高分卫星的多光谱数据与Landsat、Aster等历史数据可以形成对比数据集;祁连山系冰川总体变化不大,但在内部结构与时空分布存在较大差异,冰川面积和数量呈双降态势;针对冰川的特殊性,能保证在每年的最佳季节获取最优质的遥感数据,对于时间跨度大的遥感监测目标监测具有重要意义.%The China-made GF-1 satellite data is first selected in glacier change monitoring in Qilian Mountains of Qinghai Province for data sources.The change of glaciers is described by comparing the GF-1 remote sensing data with previous Landsat data of the same scale in terms of area,space,type and structure changes as well as change rates.The comparative study indicates that the GF-1 satellite remote sensing data,superior to medium-low resolution data like ETM in either spectral or textural information,can completely meet the needs of 1∶100 000 remote sensing investigation and monitoring in collecting,processing and monitoring the glacier change information.The multispectral data of GF-1 satellite can form correlation data set together with the historical data of Landsat and Aster.The glaciers in Qilian Mountains did not change significantly as a whole,but varied greatly in internal structures and spatial-temporal distribution,with a decreasing trend in both area and number.Considering the specificity of glaciers,it is necessary to get the best remote sensing data in the best season annually.
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