The European Union has been organizing and implementing major research and innovation initiatives (i.e. STI megaprojects) in strategic sectors through public-private partnerships for global industrial leadership. The background thereof is introduced, the selection mechanism, governance system and latest developments of the typical Joint Technology Initiatives and Contractual Public-Private Partnerships are expatiated, and some implications are brought forward for China in this regard.%本文介绍了欧盟通过公私合作(PPP)方式，在战略性产业领域组织实施重大科技专项的政策背景，阐述了具有代表性的联合技术计划（JTI）和契约型公私合作专项(Contractual PPP)的遴选机制、治理体系和最新发展，并提出了其对中国组织实施产业重大科技项目的若干借鉴意义。
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