As advance treatment system, constructed wetlands has been widespread used at home and abroad because of its good purification and cheap working cost. The paper introduced the superiority of constructed wetlands and the action principle of aquatic macrophytes, summarized the purification research of emergent plant, floating aquatic plant and submerged plant in home and abroad, discussed the applicability of different aquatic macrophytes in constructed wetlands, indicated the insufficiency of existing research.%人工湿地作为污水的深度处理系统,因其处理般果好、运行费用低等优势得到国内外广泛应用.文章介绍了人工湿地的优越性与水生植物的作用原理,综述了挺水植物、浮水植物和沉水植物在国内外的净化效果研究实践,讨论了各类型水生植物在人工湿地建设中的适用性,指出目前的研究不足之处.
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