尿素醇解法合成碳酸二甲酯(DMC)是一条绿色、廉价、可循环的生产工艺,引起了人们的广泛关注.本文综述了近年来可用于催化合成DMC的有机锡、金属盐、离子液体、锌基固体催化剂和固体碱等五种催化体系的研究现状.同时,对上述催化体系的催化行为进行了总结,并对它们的工业化应用前景进行了讨论.在此基础上,展望了尿素醇解法高效稳定合成DMC催化剂的发展方向.%The synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) via urea alcoholysis is considered as a green, cheap and recyclable routine and it has been drawn extensive attentions from researchers. The present study situation of five catalyst systems for the production of DMC including organic tin compounds,metal salts,ionic liquids,zinc-based solid catalysts and solid bases were reviewed. Meanwhile, the catalytic performances of the above-mentioned catalyst systems were summarized in details. Besides,their industrial application prospects were discussed. On these basis,the development of catalysts with high efficient and stability towards the DMC synthesis via urea alcoholysis was prospected.
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