Objective By comparing laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer with conventional efifcacy of treatment of colorectal cancer screening is an effective surgical method. Methods 80 cases of patients with colorectal cancer were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group according to balloting method, and each group was 40 cases. The control group underwent conventional surgery, and the observation group underwent laparoscopic Miles operation. The operative time, blood loss, hospital stay, cost of hospitalization, number of lymph node dissection, quality of life, serum CA125, CEA, TNF-α, CA242 and CA199 were compared.Results There were statistical differences of the operative time, blood loss, hospital stay and hospital costs between the two groups(P<0.05, P<0.01), but there was no statistical difference of the number of lymph nodes between the two groups(P>0.05); there were statistical differences of QOL score, CA125, CEA, TNF-α, CA242 and CA199 of the two groups before and after surgery(P<0.05, P<0.01), and the QOL scores of the observation group were signiifcantly higher than the control group after surgery(P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with the traditional Miles operation, laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer Miles better efifcacy, should be promoted and applied clinically.%目的：通过对比腹腔镜手术与传统手术治疗直肠癌的疗效，筛选出一种有效治疗直肠癌的外科方法。方法将80例直肠癌患者按照抽签方法随机地均分为对照组与观察组，各为40例。对照组行常规Miles手术，观察组行腹腔镜Miles手术，比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、住院费用、淋巴结清扫数量、生存质量、血清CA125、CEA、TNF-α、CA242以及CA199。结果两组手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间及住院费用相比，差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05，P＜0.01），但两组淋巴结清扫数量相比，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；两组手术前后患者生存质量得分、CA125、CEA、TNF-α、CA242以及CA199相比，差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05，P＜0.01），且观察组术后生存质量得分显著高于对照组术后（P＜0.05）。结论与传统Miles手术相比，腹腔镜Miles手术治疗直肠癌疗效更佳，应在临床上加以推广并应用。
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