To probe the infrageneric phylogenetic relationship of Lilium, seven inter-simple sequence repeat ( ISSR) primers were chosen to analyze genetic diversity of 21 wild species of Lilium. POPGENE1.32 and MEGA5.1 were used for data analysis. Results showed that a total of 149 clear DNA bands were amplified, 136 of which were polymorphic, the proportion was 91.06%. The average value of effective number of alleles was 1.762 4. The average value of Nei’ s gene diversity was 0.421 4, and the average value of Shannon's Information index was 0.608 5. The genetic distance ranged from 0.307 5 to 0.887 3. The genetic distance between L. leucanthum and L. leucanthum var. centifolium was a maximum of selected 21 parts of wild lily material, average value 0.887 3, which indicated that the genetic relationship between them was the fartherest. Whereas the genetic distance between L. leucanthum var. centifolium and L. lophopho-rum was a minimum of selected 21 parts of wild lily material, average value 0.307 5, which indicated genetic relation-ship between them was the closest. The clustering results were basically consistent with the morphology classification. Twenty-one wild Lilium species were classified into five clustering groups by neighbor joining method. L. taliense, L. duchartrei, L. lancifolium, L. nepalense, L. papilliferum, L. davidii, L. davidii var. unicolor, L. pumilum, L. fargesii and L. dauricum were clustered in the first group. And L. leucanthum Baker var. centifolium, L. leucanthum, L. nepalense, L. regale, L. sargentiae belong to the second group. L. brownie, L. brownii var. viridulum were clustered in the third group. L. tsingtauense formed a distinct group and L. lophophorum, L. amoenum, L. concolor var. pulchellum were clustered in the fifth group. L. dauricum has close genetic relationship with sect. Sinomartagon, and there were gene exchanges existed between Sect. Lophophorum and Sect. Sinomartagon. This indicated that it was not accurate to classify the wild Lilium all depend on the morphology. L. brownii var. viridulum and L. brownie were clustered into one individual group in cluster analysis results. This result showed that whether it has petioles was an im-portant morphological character in the classification of wild lilies. And all the results indicated that ISSR markers were suited to study the phylogenetic relationship of wild lilies.%该研究选用7条ISSR标记引物对百合属21种野生百合的亲缘关系进行分析,使用POPGEN1.32和MEGA5.1数据处理软件分析数据。结果表明：7条引物扩增出149条条带,其中136条为多态性条带,多态性条带比率为91.06％,平均有效等位点数为1.7624,平均Nei’ s基因多样度为0.4214,平均Shanon信息指数0.6085。遗传距离变化范围为0.3075~0.8873,紫脊百合和尖被百合的遗传距离最大,均值为0.8873,表明21份材料中二者亲缘关系最远；紫脊百合和宜昌百合遗传距离最小,均值为0.3075,表明二者亲缘关系最近。聚类结果与形态学分类大致吻合,21个供试材料可被分成5个类群,大理百合、宝兴百合、卷丹百合、紫斑百合、乳头百合、川百合、兰州百合、山丹百合、绿花百合和毛百合为第Ⅰ类群；紫脊百合、宜昌百合、岷江百合、通江百合和淡黄花百合为第Ⅱ类群；野百合和百合为第Ⅲ类群；青岛百合为第Ⅳ类群；第Ⅴ类群包括玫红百合、有斑百合和尖被百合。毛百合与卷瓣组百合亲缘关系较近,钟花组百合与卷瓣组百合存在基因交流,说明不能仅仅依靠形态学对野生百合进行分类。聚类分析结果中野百合与百合单独聚为一类,这说明是否具叶柄对野生百合的分类是一个重要的形态学特性。 ISSR分子标记适合用于百合属植物的亲缘关系分析。
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