为科学指导何首乌的生产，以贵州2个典型何首乌种植基地都匀和施秉的土壤为研究对象，分析了土壤养分与土壤酶活性的关系，比较了两个何首乌基地土壤 pH、有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾6个养分指标以及土壤脲酶、磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶3个土壤酶活性指标，结合通径分析对指标间的关系进行研究。结果表明：2个何首乌种植基地的土壤 pH 平均值为5．47±0．90，为酸性土，总体上，土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的平均含量分别为（28．78±7．06）g/kg、（1．61±0．27）mg/kg、（125．53±27．93）mg/kg、（31．03±32．47）mg/kg、（77．11±50．51）mg/kg，土壤养分含量较为丰富，都匀产区的土壤全氮含量和脲酶活性显著高于施秉产区，速效钾含量则显著低于施秉；相关性分析表明，土壤 pH 与土壤脲酶、磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶的活性关系极显著，土壤有机质含量与脲酶活性关系显著，土壤全氮含量与脲酶、过氧化氢酶关系极显著，土壤碱解氮与脲酶、磷酸酶关系极显著，土壤有效磷与磷酸酶关系显著，而速效钾含量与3种酶的活性无显著关系；通径分析表明，土壤全氮含量和土壤酸碱度是影响土壤脲酶、磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性的主要因子。结论，改善土壤酸碱度，为土壤微生物提供充足的氮源，更有利于土壤碳的腐殖化、有机质的矿化以及土壤养分的有效释放。%In order to guide the scientific production of F.multiflora,the typical soil types in two F. multiflora growing bases in Guizhou were selected to analyze the relationships between soil nutrient contents and soil enzyme activities.pH,contents of organic matter,total N,alkaline hydrolysis N, available P,available K and nutrient soil urease,phosphatase,catalase in Duyun and Shibing areas were detected.Results:The soil pH was 5.47 0.90,it was acidic soil.In general,the average content of soil organic matter,total N,alkali-hydrolyzale N,available P and available K was respectively (28.78 7.06) g/kg,(1.61 0.27)mg/kg,(125.53 27.93)mg/kg,(31.03 32.47)mg/kg,(77.11 50.51)mg/kg.The contents of soil total nitrogen and soil urease activity showed that Duyun area was significantly higher than that of Shibing area,content of available potassium was significantly lower than Shibing area;Correlation analysis showed that the soil pH activities were very significantly correlated to these three enzymes activity,the correlation between soil organic matter content and urease activity was significant, the relationship between soil total N content and soil urease and catalase were very significant, Notable positive correlation between soil alkaline hydrolysis N content and urease, phosphatase activity were achieved,and the content of soil available P and phosphatase was of significant correlations,and there were no significant positive correlations between the content of soil available K and three enzymes.Path analysis results showed that the influence of Guizhou F.multiflora growing bases of soil urease, phosphatase and catalase activity was the main factors,soil pH,soil total nitrogen content showed that improving soil pH value, so as to provide sufficient nitrogen source for soil microorganisms, more conducive to soil carbon the humification and mineralization of organic matter and soil nutrient release effectively.
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