The purpose of this study was researching the spatial-temporal rules and driving force of Henan Province cultivated land quality in the last ten years. Method of agricultural land gradation factor evaluation was used to evaluate the cultivated land quality of 2002 and 2012 in Henan Province,and to research the change laws. Method of correlation coefficient was employed to select the driving forces which effecting cultivated land quality evolution. The results indicated that the cultivated land quality in Henan Province increased slightly in the last ten years in general,but there were also has some unchanged regions,increased regions and decreased regions. The trend for cultivated land quality in spatial was that good was better and bad was worse,which should be highly valued in cultivated land quality protection and management. Land development and consolidation projects have significant contributions to increase the cultivated land quality. Driving forces between the sudden change regions and gradual change regions were significant difference. The paper concludes that the research of cultivated land quality spatial-temporal evolution and driving force based on cultivated land quality evolution has important academic significance and practical value.%采用农用地分等因素法评价河南省2002和2012年耕地质量及其变化规律，采用相关系数法筛选影响耕地质量演变的驱动因素。研究结果显示：①近十年来全省耕地质量总体上有小幅提升，空间上存在未变区、下降区、提升区3种区域，耕地质量演变在空间上显示出“好的更好，差的更差”的规律，这种演变趋势是未来耕地质量保护和管理应高度重视的一个问题；②土地开发整理项目等耕地质量建设工程对河南省耕地质量提升贡献显著（贡献率达60%）；③突变区与缓变区耕地质量演变的驱动力存在显著差异。通过研究得出，以耕地质量评价为基础，进行耕地质量演变及驱动力研究不仅具有重要的学术意义，而且可为管理者制定耕地质量提升措施和政策提供技术支撑，具有重大应用价值。
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