基于有限元分析软件ANSOFT对触发真空开关触发极附近的静电场分布进行了仿真,并对其工作在不同的极性配置方式下开展了一系列实验.主要研究触发真空开关极性配置方式与导通时延的大小及其分散性的关系,同时分析了静电场对初始等离子体扩散的影响,从而为触发真空开关的结构优化设计提供理论依据.仿真结果表明:当触发极工作在正极性配置下,可以增强触发极附近阴极表面的电场强度,从而有利于阴极斑点的形成,减小导通时延及其分散性,提高其可靠件.实验验证了触发真空开关在正极性配置下的工作可靠性高、时延小,与仿真分析结果一致.%The electrostatic field near the trigger pin of multi-rod triggered vacuum switch (TVS) was simulated with AN-SOFT. Several experiments were carried out under different working polarities. The relationship between the working polarities and the time delay was obtained, and the influence of electrostatic field on the dissipation of initiate plasma was analyzed. The simulation results show that, when the trigger voltage is positive, the electric field strength near the cathode surface is enhanced, which facilitates the formation of cathode spots, and reduces the turn-on delay and jitter. The experimental results are in accordance with the simulation results, proving that the TVS works reliably with small delay and jitter in the positive working polarity.
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