[Objective]In order to improve the fertilizer use efficiency of greenhouse tomato,the effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on plant height and stem diameter of greenhouse tomato were studied. [Method]Using 311-B optimal combination design,the effect of growth and development of tomato were studied with fertilizer application. [Result]The combined application of N,P and K had significant effects on the plant height and stem diameter of tomato under the condition of this experiment. Among the three fertilization factors,nitrogen fertilizer had the greatest influence on plant height and stem diameter. In the suitable range, the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on tomato plant height were positive.In the interaction between the two factors,the interaction between nitrogen and potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus had negative effect on plant height. The effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on the stem diameter of greenhouse tomato also showed positive effects.In the interaction between the two factors, the interaction between nitrogen fertilizer and potash fertilizer,potassium fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer had positive effect on stem diameter,it showed that applying appropriate amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer could increase the stem diameter of tomato under suitable potassium fertilizer application level.[Conclusion]Rational techniques of fertilizer would provide references for the tomato cultivation.%[目的]研究氮肥、磷肥和钾肥单独及交互作用对设施温室番茄生长的影响效应.[方法]采用311-B最优组合设计方法,研究了设施温室番茄生产中,肥效施用及交互作用对其生长发育、产量和品质的影响.[结果]氮、磷、钾肥配施对番茄株高和茎粗有显著影响,氮肥、磷肥和钾肥3个施肥因素中,氮肥对番茄株高和茎粗影响最大.在适宜的范围内,氮肥、磷肥和钾肥用量对番茄株高的影响都呈正相关,在两因子之间的交互作用中,氮肥与钾肥、氮肥与磷肥的交互作用与株高表现出负相关.氮肥、磷肥和钾肥对设施番茄茎粗的影响亦表现出正相关性,在两因子之间的交互作用中,氮肥与钾肥、钾肥与磷肥的交互作用与茎粗表现出正相关,说明在适宜的钾肥施用水平下,适量的增施氮肥和磷肥能够促进番茄茎粗的增加.[结论]合理氮磷钾肥配施,为番茄栽培提供参考.
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