目的 探讨急性压疮评估单在手术压疮高危患者中的应用效果.方法 在《肿瘤患者术中急性压疮风险评估表》的基础上,根据患者的特点进行修改,制定《急性压疮评估单》,以高危压疮手术患者为研究对象,选择实施术中压疮评估单后200例患者为观察组,实施前200例为对照组进行效果比较.结果 观察组术中压疮发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05).发生压疮的患者与未发生压疮的患者在皮肤类型、体重指数、前白蛋白、糖尿病、贫血、外周血管疾病、手术时长、手术体位、术中失血量及术中低血压几个条目中有显著性差异(P<0.05),而超重是压疮的保护性因素.结论 制订并应用术中急性压疮评估单,对术中压疮风险量化评估,指导手术室护士做好针对性的护理干预,提示病房护士对高危风险压疮进行重点防护,在手术室与病房护士的共同努力下将术中压疮降至最低.%Objective To explore the effects of the application of acute pressure ulcer care assessment scale in high-risk pressure ulcer surgical patients. Methods An acute pressure ulcer care assessment scale was designed by modifying the acute pressure ulcer care assessment scale for tumor surgical patients with intraoperatively acquired pressure ulcer,in accordance with the characteristics of patients in our department. The observation group was set up with a total of 200 high-risk surgical patients with pressure ulcer on whom the pressure ulcer assess-ment scale was adopted,while the control group was set up with another 200 on whom the scale wasn't adopted. Then the effects of the two groups were compared. Results Patients in the observation group were significantly less inclined to suffer from pressure ulcer than the control group (P<0.05). Patients with pressure ulcer were signifi-cantly different from those with no pressure ulcer in such indexes as skin type,body mass,prealbumin,diabetes, anemia,peripheral vascular disease,duration of surgery,surgical position,intraoperative blood loss and intraoper-ative hypotension (P<0.05),while overweight is a protective factor of pressure ulcer. Conclusion The design and application of acute pressure ulcer care assessment scale helps quantify and evaluate risks of pressure ulcer in surgery and thus facilities the work of both the operating -room nurses and inpatient -ward nurses. The former could carry out pertinent nursing intervention while the latter could carry out protection from high-risk pressure ul-cer. With the joint efforts of both,pressure ulcer in the surgery could be minimized.
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