Objective To assess the effect of health education through follow-up phone calls on blood pressure of patients with essential hypertension.Methods The PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of science, CBM, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang Database were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between the establishment of databases and October 2015. Two reviewers screened papers and assessed quality independently according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and methods recommended by Cochrane Collaboration, and performed meta-analysis with the Cochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.1 software.Results Twelve RCTs with 1888 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with routine intervention, health education through follow-up phone calls resulted in reduction of systolic blood pressure [mean difference (MD) -9.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) (-18.67, -0.25), P<0.05] and diastolic blood pressure [MD -5.31, 95%CI (-9.09, -1.52), P<0.05]. Moreover, health education through follow-up phone calls increased the portion of people who achieved successful blood pressure control by 42% [relative degree of risk 1.42, 95%CI (1.18,1.71), P<0.05].Conclusion Health education through follow-up phone calls can improve blood pressure control of patients with essential hypertension.%目的评价电话回访式健康教育对原发性高血压患者的血压影响。方法计算机检索PubMed、EMBASE、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库、中文科技期刊全文数据库、数字化期刊数据库和中国期刊全文数据库，时间从建库至2015年10月。由两名作者独立地按照纳入与排除标准以及Cochrane 协作网推荐的方法筛选文献、评价质量，并采用RevMan 5.1软件进行 Meta分析。结果共纳入12项随机对照试验，包括1888例患者。Meta分析结果显示：与常规干预比较，电话回访式健康教育能降低高血压病患者的收缩压[均数差-9.46，95%可信区间(CI)(-18.67，-0.25)，P<0.05]、舒张压[均数差-5.31，95%CI(-9.09，-1.52), P<0.05]，并使血压控制达标人数的比例增加42%[相对危险度1.42，95%CI（1.18，1.71），P<0.05]。结论电话回访式的健康教育能够改善高血压病患者的血压控制情况。
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