Sustainable livelihood framework of landless peasants was analyzed. Under this framework, landless peasants were divided into eight categories based on their livelihood ability. The livelihood output and response of different landless peasants was studied. The path ways towards sustainable livelihood for different types of landless peasants were proposed. Measures to protect the rights of landless peasants should be actively explored. A new model of economic compensation, social security and employment services should be established gradually to simultaneously realize the land acquisition and resettlement of la-bor, unemployment and old-age social insurance system. The farmers investment in human capital should be increased for farmers lacking human capital. Jobs and entrepreneurial opportunities should be created for farmers lacking material. The net-work of financial institutions should be constructed to establish a diversified rural financial system. In addition, compensation should be diversified. Basic land compensation standards should be close to the market price of surrounding land.%对失地农民的可持续生计框架进行分析，并在该框架下结合失地农民的生计能力将失地农民分为8类。在此基础上，分析了不同失地农民的生计产出及响应。针对不同类型的失地农民，提出了其实现可持续生计的路径。应积极探索失地农民权益的保护对策，逐步构建“经济补偿、社会保障、就业服务”三位一体的新模式，实现土地征收与劳动力安置、社会失业和养老保险制度同步进行。针对人力资本缺失的农民，应增加人力资本投资；针对物质缺失的农民，应给他们创造就业和创业机会；考虑到金融资本缺失的农民较多，故应增设金融机构网点，创建多元化的农村金融体系；此外，补偿方式应多样化，如为失地农民提供失地保险，土地补偿标准要接近周边土地的市场价格等。
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