通过对湖北省20个农业气象观测站的处于不同海拔高度、不同土壤质地作物凋萎湿度及苗期生长状况的测定分析.结果表明,不同土壤质地的影响最大,沙土蓄水能力小,保肥能力差,作物只发小苗不发老苗,凋萎速度快;黏土通气性不良,透水性差,保水保肥力较强,作物不发小苗发老苗,虽长势较差,但凋萎速度缓慢;壤土通气透水性良好,保水保肥性较强,作物既发小苗又发老苗,凋萎速度适中.利用气象部门土壤水分监测网,掌握其变化规律,结合天气预报为农民提供实时墒情服务具有重要意义.%The effect of soil texture and different altitude on the wilting moisture and the growth of crop seedlings were analyzed in 20 agrometeorological stations of Hubei province. The results showed that soil texture was the greatest influencing factor on the wilting moisture. The wilting velocity of crop seedlings was the fastest and the water and fertilizer conservation capacity was the worst in sand soil. The aeration and permeability were the poorest in clay soil, the water and fertilizer conservation capacity was strong, thus, the growth of older seedlings was better than that of younger seedlings and the wilting velocity was slowest in this soil. Because of better ventilation and permeability, the growth of younger and older seedlings in loamy soil was better than that in other soil, and the wilting velocity was medium in this soil. It was important that providing real time moisture service based on the monitoring results of soil moisture and weather forecast.
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