An active method is proposed to realize the magnetic sensor positioning,which is placed on the bottom of the sea. Using a magnetic source treated as a magnetic dipole and the corresponding vector formula, we deduced an analytical expression of the vector between the magnetic source and the sensor, thus making it possible that we could confirm the position of the sensor quickly and accurately. The analytical formula can also be used to detect other magnetic objects and realize the recognition under water.%研究了一种外加磁场对布放于海底三分量磁传感器进行主动定位的方法,利用磁源的磁偶极子特性和相应矢量公式进行推导,得到了磁源与传感器之间位置矢量的解析表达式,从而可以快速准确地进行位置求解,实现对水下磁传感器的快速准确定位,该解析表达式也可以用于对水下磁性物体进行探测的目标识别等应用.
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