The paper introduces history and status quo of document exchange, analyzes exchange cost. It considers that cost con-trol is important in document exchange work, and only effective control can ensure exchange value, make exchange smoothly and en-sure good exchange relationship. Exchange cost control should comprehensively consider cost of information resource acquisition, cost of exchange risks, actual cost of document, and expenses during exchange, should do detailed survey and analysis to minimize ex-change cost and enhance document exchange value.%介绍文献交换的历史与现状，分析文献交换成本。认为文献交换工作中对成本的控制很重要，只有有效控制交换成本才能保证交换的价值，才能使交换顺利进行，保证良好的交换关系。交换成本的控制应该综合考虑交换信息资源获取成本、文献交换风险成本、文献实际成本以及交换中产生的费用，要通过详细的调查分析最大限度地降低交换成本，提高文献交换的价值。
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