Edible insects in China: Utilization and prospects

Ying Feng; Xiao-Ming Chen; Min Zhao; Zhao He; Long Sun; Cheng-Ye Wang; Wei-Feng Ding

摘要

The use of edible insects has a long history in China,where they have been consumed for more than 2000 years.In general,the level of acceptance is high for the consumption of insects in China.Many studies on edible insects have been conducted in the last 20 years,and the scope of the research includes the culture ofentomophagy and the identification,nutritional value,farming and breeding of edible insects,in addition to food production and safety.Currently,324 species of insects from 11 orders are documented that are either edible or associated with entomophagy in China,which include the common edible species,some less commonly consumed species and some medicinal insects.However,only approximately 10 to 20 types of insects are regularly consumed.The nutritional values for 174 species are available in China,including edible,feed and medicinal species.Although the nutritional values vary among species,all the insects examined contain protein,fat,vitamins and minerals at levels that meet human nutritional requirements.Edible insects were,and continue to be,consumed by different ethnic groups in many parts of China.People directly consume insects or food products made from insects.The processing of products from insect protein powder,oil and chitin,and the development of healthcare foods has been studied in China.People also consume insects indirectly by eating livestock that were fed insects,which may be a more acceptable pathway to use insects in human diets.Although limited,the data on the food safety of insects indicate that insects are safe for food or feed.Incidences of allergic reactions after consuming silkworm pupae,cicadas and crickets have been reported in China.Insect farming is a unique breeding industry in rural China and is a source of income for local people.Insects are reared and bred for human food,medicine and animal feed using two approaches in China:the insects are either fully domesticated and reared completely in captivity or are partially raised in captivity,and the insect habitat is manipulated to increase production.Depending on the type of relationship the insect has with humans,plants and the environment,different farming strategies are used.The social and scientific communities must work together to promote the use of insects as food and feed.

机译：中国食用食用昆虫的历史悠久，已有2000多年的食用历史。总体上，我国食用昆虫的接受程度很高。在中国，食用昆虫的研究已经很多。最近的20年，研究范围包括昆虫的食性培养以及食用昆虫的鉴定，营养价值，养殖和繁殖，以及食品生产和安全性。目前，有11个目的324种昆虫被记录为在中国可食用或与昆虫有关，其中包括常见的食用物种，一些不那么普遍食用的物种以及一些药用昆虫。然而，中国仅定期食用约10至20种昆虫。中国有174种昆虫的营养价值，包括食用，饲料和药用物种。尽管营养价值因物种而异，但所有被检查的昆虫所含蛋白质，脂肪，维生素和矿物质的含量均达到人类的营养需求。可食用的昆虫在中国许多地区一直由不同种族食用。人们直接食用昆虫或由昆虫制成的食品。昆虫蛋白粉，油脂和甲壳素的产品加工以及中国已经研究了保健食品的发展。人们也通过食用以昆虫为食的牲畜间接食用昆虫，这可能是在人类饮食中使用昆虫的更可接受的途径。尽管有限，但昆虫食品安全性数据表明：昆虫是安全的食物或饲料。据报道，食用蚕p，蝉cad和and后发生过敏反应的事件。昆虫养殖是中国农村独特的育种业，是当地人的收入来源。在中国使用两种方法饲养人类食品，药品和动物饲料：将昆虫完全驯化并完全圈养，或部分饲养在人工饲养中，对昆虫栖息地进行控制以增加产量。根据昆虫与人，植物和环境之间的关系类型，使用不同的耕作策略。社会和科学界必须共同努力促进昆虫的使用作为食物和饲料。

Edible insects in China: Utilization and prospects

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