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首页> 中文期刊> 《中国昆虫科学：英文版》 >粉虱小毛瓢虫 Nephaspis oculatus(鞘翅目,瓢虫科)捕食功能反应与寄主植物选择

粉虱小毛瓢虫 Nephaspis oculatus(鞘翅目,瓢虫科)捕食功能反应与寄主植物选择

         
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摘要

Nephaspis oculatus(Blatchley)属毛瓢虫亚科的小毛瓢虫族,专食粉虱.它源于中美洲,自七十年代初就在美国佛州被发现,是柑橘和蔬菜上白粉虱的重要天敌.本研究确定了该瓢虫各幼虫龄期和雌雄成虫在青菜(col-lard)叶上捕食银叶白粉虱Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring卵在6个密度的捕食功能反应及其成虫对5种寄主植物的选择.结果表明,该瓢虫捕食率与白粉虱卵的密度呈线性相关.除第四龄幼虫其相关系数(r2)仅为0.633外,其它各虫态的相关系数高达0.827～0.944.根据该瓢虫各龄幼虫和雌雄成虫捕食量和白粉虱卵密度的关系,其捕食功能反应符合Holling圆盘方程的第二种反应模式.随着龄期的增加,幼虫捕食白粉虱卵的量也随之增加.第四龄幼虫捕食白粉虱卵量最多可达312粒,其次为第三龄幼虫229粒,第二龄幼虫73粒,而第一龄幼虫捕食量仅为34粒.雌成虫捕食白粉虱卵量(321粒)明显高于雄成虫(237粒).雌成虫特别喜欢在青菜上活动、取食和产卵,而不喜欢番茄,大豆,茄子和甘薯.有44.9%的雌成虫在青菜上活动,只有9.9%-17.1%的雌成虫在其它植物上活动.雌成虫在青菜,甘薯和茄子上的产卵量占总产卵量的比率依次为95.8%,2.8%和1.4%,而无任何卵产在番茄和大豆上.%The predatory behavior and functional response of all larval stages and adults of Nephaspis oculatus(Blatchley) , a predacious coccinellid, on various egg densities of Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring, and prey preference of adult N. oculatus , were studied in the laboratory. Daily consumption of eggs of B . argentifolii by N. oculatus was evaluated at six different densities to obtain functional response curves for all active stages of the coccinellid. Bemisia argentifolii eggs were offered to N. oculatus on collard leaf disks in Petri dish arenas over a 24-h period at 26.7 V 21C and a photoperiod of 14: 10 (L'D) h. Linear relationships were observed between percentage prey consumed and prey density, with r2 values between 0.82-0.99 for all stages except for the fourth instar that had a smaller r2 value (0.64) . Functional response curves of prey consumption by N. oculatus against density of B. argentifolii eggs fitted the type II model of Holling s disc equation for all larval stages and both the male and female adults. Adult females consumed more prey than adult males. The maximum theoretical number of prey consumed per day increased with larval development. The fourth instar was the most effective larval predator, followed by the third instar, the second instar, and finally, the first instar. Based on the functional response parameters, a maximum of 321, 312, 237, 229, 73, and 34 B. argentifolii eggs could be attacked by an adult female, a fourth instar, an adult male, a third instar, a second instar, and a first instar of N. oculatus, respectively. Nephaspis oculatus adults strongly preferred collard to tomato, soybean, eggplant or sweet-potato for oviposition and foraging. Nephaspis oculatus did not deposit any eggs on soybean and tomato.

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  • 来源
    《中国昆虫科学：英文版》 |2002年第1期|1-9|共9页
  • 作者

    刘同先; Philip A.Stansly;

  • 作者单位

    Vegetable IPM Laboratory,Department of Entomology,Texas Agricultural Experiment Station,Texas A&M University ,2415 E. Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596-8399 USA;

    Vegetable IPM Laboratory,Department of Entomology,Texas Agricultural Experiment Station,Texas A&M University ,2415 E. Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596-8399 USA;

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  • 关键词

    生物防治; 飘虫; 功能反应; 捕食; 白粉虱;

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