目的: 以医院为基础,调查成年人群屈光不正的发病率.方法:2008-06/2008-12,海德拉巴Liaquat大学眼科医院第三转诊中心,所有受试者均进行详细的眼科检查,记录其最佳矫正视力.以主观折射为基础检查屈光状态.只记录每位受试者的右眼.远视定义为等量球镜>+0.5屈光度(DS),正视定义为等量球镜介于-0.50 至+0.50 DS之间,近视定义为等量球镜<-0.50DS ,等量球镜≤-5.00DS为高度近视.以负的柱镜矫正散光,散光定义为任何轴位的柱镜度数<-0.50屈光度(DC).结果:8 400名门诊患者参与调查,年龄20~60岁之间,男女比例61: 39,包括农村和城市人口.67%的患者完成了高中教育.8 400位患者中,2 719 (32.37%)位的最佳矫正视力≥20/40,其余5 681 (67.63%)位由于眼前后节的疾病最佳矫正视力<20/40,排除本研究.2 719 位患者中,1 065(39.17%)位患者的右眼为有晶状体眼,占8 400位接受检查者的12.68%,剩余1 654(60.83%)位为人工晶状体眼,结果分析只包括最近6mo内总接诊患者的12 68%(1 065位有晶状体眼屈光不正患者).590(55.4%的有晶状体眼)位男性和475(44.6%)女性,远视300位(28.2%的有晶状体眼),近视690位(64.8% 的有晶状体眼),近视的发病率岁年龄增长显著增加.高度近视占受试人群的7% (75).405位(38.03%)患者散光度数<0.5DC,包括195位(48.15 %)男性和210(51.85%) 女性.结论:屈光不正是一个重要的公众健康问题,影响视功能及日常活动.最佳视功能应包括未校正和校正后的屈光不正.%·AIM: To assess the incidence of refractive error among adult population: a Hospital base study.·METHODS: This Hospital based study was conducted between June 2008 to November 2008 at tertiary referral center, Liaquat University Eye Hospital, Hyderabad. All subjects underwent a complete ophthalmic examination. The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA) was ecorded. Refraction data are based on subjective refraction. Only the right eye of each subject was considered. Hypermetropia was rndefined as a spherical equivalent greater than +0.5 diopter sphere (DS). Emmetropia was defined as a spherical equivalent between -0.50 and +0.50DS, myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent worse than -0.50DS and a spherical equivalent or worse than -5.00 DS was classified as a high myopia. Astigmatism rncorrection was prescribed in minus cylinder format, and astigmatism was defined as cylinder error worse than -0.50 diopter cylinder (DC) in any axis. ·RESULTS: Eight thousand and four hundred patients were attended the out patients department with age range of 20-60 years. The proportion of men and women was 61∶ 39. Both the rural and urban population were treated. Sixty seven percents of patients has completed their higher secondary education.Of the total 8 400 patients 2 719(32 37%) had BCVA 20/40 or better and remaining 5 681(67.63%) had BCVA poor than 20/40 due to different anterior and posterior segment eye pathologies, and were excluded from study. Of the 2 719 patients 1 065(39.17%) were phakic in right eye and making the 12.68% of total (8 400) examined patients, and remaining 1 654(60.83%) were pseudophakic. The result were analyzed for only 12 68(1 065 phakic ametropic patients) percent of total rntreated patients in last 6 months. There were 590(55.40% of phakic patients) men and 475(44. 60%) women.Hypermetropia was found in 300 patients (28.20% of phakic ametropic). Six hundred and ninety (64.80% of phakic ametropic) patients had myopia. The incidence of myopia increased significantly with age. High myopes constituted 7%(75) of the study population. Four hundred and five (38.03% of phakic) patients had astigmatism worse than 0.5D cylinder. There were 195(48.15%) men and 210(51.85%) women. rn·CONCLUSION: Refractive error is a significant public health problem in our population that may be impact on visual function and activities of daily life. Optimal visual function may be compromised with uncorrected or under-corrected refractive errors.
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