AIM: To assess the prevalence of refractive errors in middle school students in Lanzhou city and explore the risk factors for myopia.METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted. A questionnaire assessed the students' socioeconomic background and visual tasks followed by visual acuity assessment and a full eye examination including slit lamp examination, fundus evaluation, retinoscopy, and subjective refraction.RESULTS: Among 2 256 enumerated students aged 15-19 years, 2 037 (90.3%) students had significant refractive errors. Myopia was the leading refractive error (1 951/2 256,86.5%), astigmatism was the second most common refractive error (921/2 256, 40.8%), but amblyopia (10/2 256, 0.4%),strabismus (5/2 256, 0.2%), hyperopia (4/2 256, 0.2%) and other treatable eye disorders were uncommon. Almost 95.3% of students with significant refractive errors wore spectacles before the survey. Age, sex, visual tasks, and a parental history of myopia were risk factors for myopia.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of refractive errors and the risk factors for myopia in schoolchildren in Lanzhou city are similar to those reported in other regions of China.Interventions of myopia progression should be performed to protect the visual acuity of school-aged students.%目的:调查兰州市中学生屈光不正的发病率并探讨近视发病的危险因素.方法:采用前瞻性调查设计,对抽样的学生进行有关家庭因素及用眼状态的问卷调查,并进行视力测量以及包括裂隙灯、视网膜镜、矫正视力等的全面眼部检查.采集各项指标,输入应用程序,采用SPSS11.0软件进行统计分析.结果:在2 256名年龄介于15～19岁的学生中,2 037名(90.3%)学生患有屈光不正.近视是引起屈光不正的首要原因(1 951/2 256,86.5%),散光为第二位原因(921/2 256,40.8%),弱视(10/2 256, 0.4%)、斜视(5/2 256,0.2%)、远视(4/2 256,0.2%)和其它眼病的发病率相对较低.在患有屈光不正的学生中约有95.3%在接受调查前已经佩戴眼镜.年龄、性别、用眼状态及家族史是近视发病的危险因素.结论:兰州市中学生屈光不正发病率及其发病的危险因素与国内其它地区类似,采取一定的干预措施保护中学生的视力是有必要的.
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