Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the common acute abdominal diseases, and has achieved considerable progress in the research in recent years. Because the pancreas microcirculation dysfunction is highly related to AP pathophysiological process, participating in the occurrence of AP and development process, it is essential to detecte early microcirculation damage for evaluating illness severity, assessment of prognosis and the selection of treatment plan. In this article we reviewed the pancreatic microcirculation anatomical features, microcirculation damage performance in AP and its detection methods, and the role of imaging in detecting microcirculation dysfunction.%急性胰腺炎（AP）是常见急腹症之一，其早期临床表现多样，病情轻重不等，发病早期对AP严重程度的准确评估以及确定及时有效的治疗方案对预后具有决定性意义。影像检查已成为判断AP 严重程度的重要手段，特别是功能成像技术的进展使得评估进一步深入，也成为近年来判断AP严重程度的研究热点。就影像检查用于AP严重程度评估的研究进展予以综述。
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