Objective: To provide scientific basis for future exploration of nurse-leading cancer genetic counseling by investigating the cognition and attitudes of cancer genetic risk groups on cancer genetic counseling. Methods: A phenomenological approach was used in qualitative research. In-depth interviews and analysis were conducted among 5 cancer patients and 5 blood relatives to collect data. Results: Four primary themes were summed up, including 9 secondary themes: 1) A lack of knowledge about cancer genetic counseling. In ignorance of components of cancer genetic counseling; being suspicious about the effect of cancer genetic counseling. 2) Having demand on cancer genetic counseling. Worrying about themselves carrying cancer susceptibility genes; Worrying about their children carrying cancer susceptibility genes; Being unaware of how to obtain reliable cancer genetics information. 3) Hoping to receive cancer information about cancer risk factors, cancer screening guidance and physical examination knowledges. Hoping to receive cancer information about cancer risk factors; hoping to receive cancer screening guidance and physical examination knowledges. 4) A difference of wills to follow the recommendations of cancer genetic counseling. High ratio of wills to follow cancer genetic tests; low ratio of wills to follow cancer screening and medical examination. Conclusion: Cancer patients and their blood patients lack of knowledge about cancer genetic counseling. But there is a need for it at the same time. They hope to receive cancer information about cancer risk factors, cancer screening guidances and physical examination knowledges through this work. Cancer genetic counseling can be developed to promote the popularization of cancer prevention and screening knowledge. Furthermore, the work of primary prevention cancer can be promoted.%目的:调查肿瘤遗传风险人群对肿瘤遗传咨询的认知和态度,为今后探索护士主导的肿瘤遗传咨询工作提供科学依据.方法:采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法,深度访谈并分析5名肿瘤患者和5名患者血缘家属对肿瘤遗传咨询的认知和态度.结果:归纳提炼出4个主题,包含9个二级主题:1)缺乏对肿瘤遗传咨询的了解.不了解肿瘤遗传咨询工作内容;怀疑肿瘤遗传咨询的实际作用.2)存在对肿瘤遗传咨询的需求.担心自身携带肿瘤易感基因;担心肿瘤遗传至下一代;不知道如何获取可靠的肿瘤遗传信息.3)希望获得肿瘤风险因素与筛查体检的指导.希望了解肿瘤风险因素;希望了解肿瘤筛查体检知识.4)对肿瘤遗传咨询建议的遵循意愿存在差异性.对基因检测建议遵循意愿较低;对筛查体检指导遵循意愿较高.结论:肿瘤患者及患者血缘家属缺乏对肿瘤遗传咨询工作的了解,但同时存在对肿瘤遗传咨询的需求,并希望通过该工作获得肿瘤风险因素与筛查体检的知识.在临床工作中,可通过肿瘤遗传咨询的开展,促进肿瘤遗传与预防筛查知识的普及,推动肿瘤一级预防工作的开展.
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