Objective: Rapid urease test (RUT) is a rapid and simple method to detectHelicobacter pylori(Hp), we compared the positive rate of Hp by this method with traditional W-S silver staining method. Based on the positive rate of Hp by W-S silver staining, the clinical effcacy of rapid urease test will be estimated.Methods:A total of 164 patients without treatment by drugs which might inlfuence Hp detection such as antibiotics, proton pump inhibitor and H2 receptor antagonist etc. from August 2012 to August 2013 were chosen. Rapid urease test and W-S silver staining were tested simultaneously on each patient; positive rates of Hp by two methods were compared. Results:hTe positive rate of Hp by rapid urease test (35.37%) is slightly higher than W-S silver staining (32.32%). Conclusion: Rapid urease test is convenient to operate, but can be easily inlfuenced by many unstable factors, so it is more suitable for preliminary screening of Hp. W-S silver staining is relatively complicated to operate, but has a higher accuracy of detection of Hp, so it is more suitable as a ifnal diagnosis method of Hp infection.%目的：快速尿酶法(rapid urease test，RUT)是一种快速、简便的幽门螺旋杆菌(Helicobacter pylori， Hp)检测方法，将其与病理诊断中传统的银染法(W-S)进行比较，通过对比二者的阳性率，以传统银染法(W-S)的阳性率为基准，判断快速尿酶法(RUT)是否能在临床诊断中发挥更好的作用，使Hp感染患者能够得到及时的确诊和治疗。方法：选取2012年8月至2013年8月期间，未使用过抗生素、质子泵抑制剂、H2受体阻滞剂等可能影响Hp检测结果药物的患者164例，同步完成快速尿酶法(RUT)和银染法(W-S)检测，对比快速尿酶法(RUT)和银染法(W-S)的阳性率。结果：快速尿酶法(RUT)的阳性率(35.37%)略高于银染法(W-S)的阳性率(32.32%)。结论：快速尿酶法(RUT)操作便捷，但容易受到诸多不稳定因素的影响，更适合Hp感染的初筛。银染法(W-S)操作相对复杂，但病理诊断结果具有更高的准确性，更适合作为Hp感染最终的确诊手段。
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