Objective: To investigate the relationship between the squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) of cervical cytology and with the histology, and discover the systematic risk and management of the diagnosis of SIL.Methods:Retrospective analysed 405 cases of SIL in our hospital from 2013 to 2015, among which 205 cases has taken the histological examination, compared the accord degree of the two diagnostic methods and analysed the causes of their differences.Results:hTe result of the positive predictive value of LSIL as 71%, while HSIL as a surprising over 98%.Conclusion: In summary, cytological HSIL has good conformity with its histological diagnosis, on the contrary, cytological LSIL stand on the other side, so we should take special care to the LSIL.%目的：探讨宫颈细胞学鳞状上皮内病变(squamous intraepithelial lesion，SIL)与组织学的关系，揭示细胞学SIL诊断的系统性风险及管理策略。方法：回顾性分析我院2013~2015年405例SIL，其中205例有组织学检查，比较两种结果的符合程度，对其差异产生的原因进行分析。结果：低度鳞状上皮内病变(low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion，LSIL)的阳性预测值约71%，而HSIL的阳性预测值达98%以上。结论：细胞学高度鳞状上皮内病变(high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion， HSIL)与组织学结果一致性良好，而LSIL与组织学结果符合度较差，需要加强对LSIL的管理。
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