Cicada slough, which is a kind of shedding hull of black grasshopper nymph emergence, is produced in the most part of the country and is commonly used into Chinese medicine. It is listed in the Ming Yi Bie Lu originally. It is collected in summer and autumn and then removes sediment and be dry. Cicada slough has the efficacy of evacuation of wind heat, relieving sore-throat to restore voice, promoting eruption, treating opacity of the cornea and relieving convulsion. This paper reviews the recent domestic journals about cicada slough, the source, shape, microstructure, authenticity, processing, chemical composition and pharmacological action were reviewed. The chemical composition of cicada mainly contain chitin, proteins, amino acids, trace elements, there are great space for research. Pharmacological experiments show that cicada has anti-inflammatory, antitussive expectorant and antiasthmatic and sedative analgesic antispasmodic, anti convulsion, anticoagulant effect.%蝉蜕为蝉科昆虫黑蚱的若虫羽化时脱落的皮壳,产于全国大部分地区,为常用中药,史载于《名医别录》.夏、秋二季收集,除去泥沙,晒干.其具有疏散风热,利咽开音,透疹,明目退翳,息风止痉的功效.对近年来国内期刊有关蝉蜕的文献进行检索,归纳分析,对其基源、形状、显微、真伪品、炮制、化学成分以及药理作用进行综述.蝉蜕的化学成分主要含有甲壳质、蛋白质、氨基酸、微量元素,尚有极大的研究空间.药理实验证明蝉蜕有抗炎、镇咳祛痰平喘、镇静止痛解痉、抗惊厥、抗凝等作用.
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