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首页> 中文期刊> 《农业科学学报：英文版》 >Using side-dressing technique to reduce nitrogen leaching and improve nitrogen recovery efficiency under an irrigated rice system in the upper reaches of Yellow River Basin, Northwest China

Using side-dressing technique to reduce nitrogen leaching and improve nitrogen recovery efficiency under an irrigated rice system in the upper reaches of Yellow River Basin, Northwest China

         
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cqvip:The excessive nitrogen(N) fertilizer input coupled with flood irrigation might result in higher N leaching and lower nitrogen recovery efficiency(NRE).Under an intensive rice system in the Ningxia irrigation region,China,environmental friendly N management practices are heavily needed to balance the amount of N input for optimum crop production while minimize the nitrogen loss.The objective of this study was to determine the influences of side-dressing(SD) technique in mechanical transplanting systems on the NRE,N leaching losses and rice yield in anthropogenic-alluvial soil during two rice growing seasons(2010-2011).Four fertilizer N treatments were established,including conventional urea rate(CU,300 kg ha^(-1)yr^(-1));higher SD of controlled-release N fertilizer rate(SD1,176 kg ha^(-1)yr^(-1));lower SD of controlled-release N fertilizer rate(SD2,125 kg ha^(-1)yr^(-1));and control(CK,no N fertilizer).Field lysimeters were used to quantify drainage from undisturbed soil during six rice growing stages.Meanwhile,the temporal variations of total nitrigen(TN),NO_3^--N,and NH_4^+-N concentrations in percolation water were examined.The results showed that SD1 substantially improved NRE and reduced N leaching losses while maintaining rice yields.Across two years,the averaged NRE under SD1 treatment increased by 25.5%as relative to CU,but yet the rice yield was similar between two treatments.On average,the nitrogen loss defined as TN,NH_4^+-N,and NO_3^--N underthe SD1 treatment reduced by 27.4,37.2 and 24.1%,respectively,when compared with CU during the study periods.Although the SD2 treatment could further reduce N leaching loss to some extent,this technique would sharply decline rice yield,with the magnitude of as high as 21.0%relative to CU treatment.Additionally,the average NRE under SD2 was 11.2% lower than that under SD1 treatment.Overall,the present study concluded that the SD technique is an effective strategy to reduce N leaching and increase NRE,thus potentially mitigate local environmental threat.We propose SD1 as a novel alternative fertilizer technique under an irrigated rice-based system in Ningxia irrigation region when higher yields are under consideration.

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