[Objective] To study the comprehensive toxicity of drinking water, and monitor the chronic toxic components. [ Method] By the photobacteria method, a simulation experiment was carried out with the 81.9% low-toxicity model, the biological toxicity baseline of drinking water was established, and the toxicity of formaldehyde and Cr6+ to photobacteria as well as the factors influencing the photobacteria test were studied, the influence on turbidity and chromaticity was excluded before determination. [Result] The photobacteria were applicable to monitoring the sudden water pollution, and they were sensitive to both formaldehyde and Cr6+. The luminosity of photobacteria was stable when the pH of system was in the range of 6 -8 and the residual chlorine concentration was less than 0. 2 mg/L. [Conclusion] The determination of photobacteria can realize the rapid and accurate monitoring of chemical toxic components.%[目的]研究分析饮用水的综合毒性,对慢性毒性物质进行监测.[方法]应用发光细菌法,选用了81.9％低毒性测试模式,通过模拟试验,建立了生活饮用水的生物毒理性基线、研究了甲醛和六价铬对发光细菌的毒性及发光菌试验影响因素,测定样品前排除浊度和色度的影响.[结果]通过建立生物毒理性基线说明发光菌适用于监控水质突发性污染,发光细菌对甲醛和六价铬具有敏感效应,当体系pH在6～8、余氯浓度小于0.2 mg/L时,发光细菌发光度基本稳定.[结论]通过对发光强度的测定可以实现对化学毒性物质水平快速、准确地监测.
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