[ Objective] To explore the key period of chemical control which has great influence on yield of cotton. [ Method] The chemical control treatments at different periods were arranged to study the relationships between the chemical control period and the bolls distribution and yield of cotton. [ Result] Control in flowering-boiling stage was advantageous to retaining bolls on middle fruiting branches. Control in the later stage was advantageous to retaining bolls on upper fruiting branches. The critical period of chemical cotton started from the full-blossom period, and the chemical control at this period had great impact on cotton yield. [Conclusion] The full-blossom period is the key phase of cotton chemical control, providing theoretical basis for the chemical control management of cotton field.%[目的]发现对棉花产量影响较大的化控关键时期.[方法]试验设置不同时期的化控处理组合,研究化控时期与棉花成铃结构和产量之间的关系.[结果]棉花花铃中期时的化控对促进棉花中部果枝成铃至关重要,花铃后期的化控对顶部果枝成铃有利；从盛花期开始进入棉田化控的关键时期,盛花期及其以后时期的化控对棉花产量影响较大.[结论]盛花期以后是棉花化控关键时期,这可为棉田化控管理提供理论依据.
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