从新制度经济学的视角,把农民合作组织视为是由一系列的长期契约关系所构成的一个"契约集",把对其组织形式的选择问题转化为对该组织内部契约模式的选择问题;通过交易成本经济学的理论框架,分析不同农民合作组织契约模式的形成机制和决定因素,并对云南蒙自甜石榴产销联合社进行个案分析.结果表明,合作组织对于契约形式的选择是对多种因素综合权衡的结果;新的组织模式或契约安排与原有制度安排存在互补关系;合作组织模式的选择是影响合作效率和组织稳定性的重要因素.一个有效率的组织模式既取决于组织自身的交易特性,又要考虑与外部交易环境的相容性;契约选择的过程要遵循客观的演化规律,但不必拘泥于某一既定形式.%Farmers' Cooperatives can be seen as “a set of contracts” comprising a series of long-term contractual relations based on the perspective of new systematic economics, and can be transformed from the problems of organization forms into the problems of contractual model selection within organization. By using the theoretical framework of transaction cost economics, this thesis analyzes the formation mechanism and determinant of the contractual models of various farmers' cooperatives and conducts case study on Sweet Pomegranate Production and Marketing Cooperatives in Mengzi of Yunnan Province. The results show that the contractual model selection of cooperatives is the result of weighing various factors comprehensively; there is complementary relationship between the new organization model or contractual arrangement and the former system arrangement; the model selection of cooperatives is an important factor impacting cooperative efficiency and organization stability. An efficient organization model hinges on the transaction characteristics of the organization, and in the meanwhile, it should consider the compatibility with the external transaction environment; in the process of selecting contracts, it should conform to the objective evolving law and it is unnecessary to be confined togiven forms.
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