As reported by the inspectors of Hebei Civil Bureau, the villagers' conference, Village Office, Village Monitoring Committee, Mediation Committee and other villager self-government organizations were rather common in Hebei Province during the ten years before Anti-Japanese War, but the actual operation, restricted by the deep-rooted rural tradition, differed largely from the national regulatory system. Thus, the complicated relationship between the rural tradition and medernity in the practice of the villager self-government organizations in Hebei Province was of great significance to the implementation of current villager self-governance.%河北省民政厅视察员的视察报告表明,抗战前10年河北省乡村中村民会议、村公所、村监察委员会、村息讼会等乡村自治组织的设置已相当普遍,但其实际运作情形与国家规制相差甚远.根深蒂固的乡村传统是制约其实际运作的主要因素.河北省乡村自治组织运作过程中所蕴含的传统与现代性因素之间的复杂关联,对于当今村民自治的推行仍具有借鉴意义.
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