[目的]探讨苦豆草生物碱提取的影响因素,确定最优的提取方法和最佳的提取条件.[方法]对比冷浸提取、回流提取、微波提取和超声提取4种方法的提取效果,同时通过单因素试验和正交试验,研究各种工艺条件(溶刺、料液比、超声次数、超声时间)对苦豆苹生物碱提取率的影响,优化其提取工艺.[结果]最优提取方法为超声提取,料液比、超声次数、超声时间对苦豆草生物碱提取率无显著影响,溶剂具有显著性影响.[结论]最佳提取工艺为溶剂0.4%盐酸,料液比1:20,超声2次,每次20 min.%[ Objective ] The aim was to discuss the factors affecting the extraction of total alkaloids from Sophoraalopoecuroides L and define the optimal extraction method and program. [ Method ] The four kinds of extraction methods were compared, including quench, reflux, microwave and ultrasound extraction. Meanwhile, the best extraction condition of total alkaloids was determined with a single factor and orthogonal test. [ Result] The optimal extraction method was ultrasound extraction. Solid-liquid ratio,ultrasound times and time had no significant influence to the extraction rate, while reagents had significant difference. [ Conclusion ] The optimal extraction process was to extract 2 times for 20 min each time with twenty fold amount of 0.4％ hydrochloric acid.
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