The paper combs the problems about living difficulties of farmers and marketing economy in the risk society and puts forward another point of view that is the theory of risk society to reconsider the dilemma of living choices of farmers under the background of marketing economy. On the basis of the statistics, the paper discloses the trend of larger and larger disparities of incomes between urban and rural areas; the paper explains the risks and uncertainties of life choices with the background of deepening marketing economy. In order to understand the life dilemma of farmers and marketing economy in the risk society, the paper makes an analysis from perspectives of the relationships between risk society and markets, the risks of farmers'living choices. The results show that in the risk society, because of the division space from time, the personal fanners are devoid of the safe environment. Then the situation is deepen to worse. In addition to the organization which is not in charge results in a situation that the personal farmers would take all risks by themselves.%对“风险社会”下市场经济及农户生计困境问题进行了文献梳理,并提出以风险社会理论一个新的视角来重新看待市场经济下农户生计策略选择的艰难.通过统计数据揭示了我国目前城乡收入差距扩大的趋势,阐释了市场经济深化背景下农户生计选择的风险性和不确定性.为理解风险社会下市场经济及农户生计抉择困境,从风险社会与市场之间关系和农户生计选择风险2个方面进行解析.结果表明,在风险社会中,由于“脱域”使时空分离,从而使个体农户脱离原有的安全网络,深处个体化险境中；另外由于制度安排上的“有组织不负责”,也迫使个体农户独自承担制度风险的后果.
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