The Hainan Island is hot, rainy and fits for every kind of tropic trees. It is the largest and typical area of Chinese tropical forests. But with the all-aspect exploitation in the Ming Dynasty, the forests were seriously damaged, which caused the deterioration of the ecological environment of Hainan. The study of the changes of forests in Hainan Island and its reasons indicated that besides of particular tropical geography and atmosphere, it was more important to reinforce the surveillance on human disturbance.%海南岛高温多湿,适宜各种热带树木的生长,是我国热带林木面积最大和最典型的地区.但是随着明朝统治者对该区进行的全面开发和利用,在该时期,海南岛森林遭到较为严重的破坏,以致当地的生态环境逐渐恶化.对明代海南森林变迁及其原因进行深入研究,结果表明,当前海南林业的发展,除了要适应当地特殊的热带地理和气候条件外,更要加强对人为干扰因素的监控力度.
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