This paper took Chishuihe valley as a research target and pointed out that the culture of this valley, which reflects local life and is featured with regional characteristics as well as cultural connotation, is constituted by native physical and human geography, folks and historical view. The relation between Chishui channel and salt business culture under typical closed and half-closed geographical environment was analyzed to indicate that the realignment of Chishui river brings prosperity of Chishui salt channel, the ancient business town and the development of ancient buildings as well as club house culture. Abundant natural resources of Chishui river and its relations with production and life were explained to indicate that Danxia landfonn nurtured stone culture, Chishui water resource produced fishing culture, special hydrogeololgi-cal environment fostered alcohol culture represented by Maotai and also bamboo culture with hundreds years of history. Finally, the paper introduced military culture and Long March spirit formed on the basis of the special location. It is emphasized that geographical environment is a vital basis for the existence of human beings and also plays a immeasurable role in the development of a certain place.%以赤水河流域为研究对象,指出赤水河流域文化是当地特有的自然人文地理、风土人情、历史风貌所构成的反映该地区人民生产生活状态的文化,具有浓郁的地域特征和丰富的文化内涵.分析了典型的封闭与半封闭地理环境下的赤水通道与盐商文化的关系,指出赤水河整治带来了赤水盐道的繁荣、商业古镇的兴盛以及古镇建筑、会馆文化的发展.解析了赤水丰富的自然资源与生产生活文化的关系,指出丹霞地貌孕育了石文化、赤水河水资源造就了渔猎渔业文化、特殊的水文地质环境孕育出以茅台为代表的酒文化,此外还有百年积淀的竹文化.最后介绍了在赤水特殊的地理位置的基础上所形成的军事文化与长征精神.强调地理环境是人类生存的重要基础,对一个地区的文化发展起到了不可估量的作用.
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