卫生填埋是固体废弃物处理的主要方法,生活垃圾卫生填埋厂营运期的主要污染源是填埋气和渗滤液,以沙湾县城生活垃圾卫生填埋处理工程为实例,通过对其营运时期产生的填埋气体产量和臭气物质组分的分析,渗滤液产量和组成成分的估算,依据现行的生活垃圾填埋厂污染控制标准,分析了填埋场建设对其周围环境的影响.结果表明,距作业区50 m内臭气强度最大,200 m之外则可以降为1-0级.由于拟建项目周围3 km无环境敏感点,因此对周围环境影响不大.该地区气候干燥,降水稀少,蒸发量大,渗滤液的主要来源是垃圾本身含水量和厌氧发酵产生水分,采用多次回喷蒸发处理是一种较为有效的渗滤液处理方法.%Domestic landfill was a major municipal solid waste treatment method. The primary pollutants in operation period were leachate and landfill gas (LFG). This paper took Shawan municipal landfill for an example, through analyzing and evaluating LFG output and material constitution in operation period, according to the present national standard limitation of landfill pollutants, the effect of landfill construction on the surrounding environment was analyzed. The results indicated that the odor strength was highest within 50 m from Shawan landfill site and hardly caused the impact on the area 200 m far away from the site. The gas pollutants rarely led any effect since no environment-sensitive spot were located in 3 km around the landfill. The Shawan County was dry climate, few rainfall amount and high evaporation capacity, so the leathate originated from the solid waste water content and anaerobic fermentation moisture content, therefore the surface spraying and evaporating was an effective method to treat landfill leachate.
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